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Physics, Topology, Logic and Computation: A Rosetta Stone

John C. Baez, Mike Stay

2009 · arXiv

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1.5
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9
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9
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9
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From the abstract

In physics, Feynman diagrams are used to reason about quantum processes. In the 1980s, it became clear that underlying these diagrams is a powerful analogy between quantum physics and topology: namely, a linear operator behaves very much like a "cobordism". Similar diagrams can be used to reason about logic, where they represent proofs, and computation, where they represent programs. With the rise of interest in quantum cryptography and quantum computation, it became clear that there is extensive network of analogies between physics, topology, logic and computation. In this expository paper, we make some of these analogies precise using the concept of "closed symmetric monoidal category". We assume no prior knowledge of category theory, proof theory or computer science.

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9 selected excerpts · 9 total mentions

sw1sh
Strong recommendation · rule
I like Inverse types! While it's not novel idea, this seems like a very concise implementation of it. Inverse types are also known as negative types (https://legacy.cs.indiana.edu/~sabry/papers/rational.pdf) or holes. This concept is what needed to make a concrete category for computation compact (highly recommend: http://arxiv.org/abs/0903.0340) and make the connection to how our physical universe actually works on a quantum level, with antiparticles performing backward computation. I'm pretty sure this model of computation of filling holes with inference would allow us to understand advantages of quantum computation much better. Do you have any thoughts on HVM's SupGen for program synthesis? I would love to understand how interaction nets makes the notion of inverse types and filling holes more natural and efficient.
lioeters
Neutral mention · rule
Even before I started the video, I had a feeling it was going to lead to a kind of "introspective" mathematics that can reason about its own reasoning. I was not disappointed, thank you. Physics, Topology, Logic and Computation: A Rosetta Stone - https://arxiv.org/abs/0903.0340
random3
Neutral mention · rule
Wow, what a combo! I'd be interested in anything from each of the lecturers, but all 3 at the same course, is amazing. Category Theory could be the rosetta stone of many things(this is relevant https://arxiv.org/pdf/0903.0340.pdf).
0815test
Neutral mention · rule
See https://arxiv.org/abs/0903.0340 for a basic introduction to the issues, and https://arxiv.org/abs/0908.3347 for a slightly more extensive treatment, also mentioning proof nets. This does not explicitly say that these diagrams can be understood as the equivalent to sequences in something FORTH-like, but this is in fact what the papers are pointing out in a general sense, so I see it as a rather trivial remark.
mathgenius
Neutral mention · rule
This line of thought is very interesting indeed. Understanding the similarity/contrast to the join operator is really at the heart of what quantum is about. It comes down to, what do you mean by "and" ? Check out the breezy writing in this paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.07618 Also, the Rosetta stone paper (more advanced): https://arxiv.org/abs/0903.0340
danharaj
Neutral mention · rule
What I'm saying is that linear logic is exactly a technical exploration directly pertinent to the questions Quine and Dummett considered. And who cares if the paper is specifically about Quine and Dummett? What's the point of resuscitating such a dialogue without informing it of modern developments? To do so seems like frolicking in the graveyard. But much like philosophy of mathematics (with some exceptions like [0]), philosophy of logic to me at least seems like it prefers dusty bones to fresh developments (if 40 years is fresh...). At the very least, modern logic and its myriad connections to other fields could shed light on whether it's even worth bothering to…
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adjudicate the interplay of Quine and Dummet's metaphysical arguments. They might be completely irrelevant at this point in our understanding except as historical footnotes. Linear logic is in many ways a logic of logic. Both classical and intuitionistic logic can be decomposed into finer components in linear logic, which distills logical ideas into purer components of philosophical interest, like the exponentials. The links between linear logic and processes like computation makes it a much more interesting starting point for a discussion of metaphysics and logic: Its technical results tell us that not every bespoke Broccoli logic makes sense, that one can directly study the conditions of possibility of logic. It even has connections to fundamental physics [1]. > It's trivial that we can construct a plethora of axioms with their own definitions, the problem remains: to even adhere to those definitions one is exercising another intuitive logic—even in the case of computation which is an engineered construction to proxy this very intuition, otherwise we would have never been concerned with the linear properties necessary for computation to begin with. How are we to investigate this intuitive logic without probing the technical structure of logic and finding out what is really its essence? It's not, emphatically not trivial that one can cook up a bunch of axioms. Logic doesn't come from axioms, I think we agree about that, they are just an exigent way to surface it. There are most definitely inappropriate formulations of logic. For example, S4 is an OK modal logic of necessity and possibility but S5 is hardly a logic at all because it doesn't have cut elimination, the technical correlate of deduction. I think this attitude just serves to marginalize philosophy of logic. Technique and philosophy must be in dialogue or both will be marginalized. [0] https://www.urbanomic.com/book/synthetic-philosophy-of-conte... [1] https://arxiv.org/abs/0903.0340
JadeNB
Neutral mention · rule
> So it would be useful to have category textbooks for CS folks which spent less time on topology, and more time on familiar categories. Agreed, and I should have been clearer in my post above that I was just airing some thoughts on category theory rather than meaning to imply anything negative about the importance and usefulness of X-flavoured viewpoints on category theory for various values of X (including "computer science"). With that said, don't knock topology! See Baez and Stay's 'Rosetta stone' article http://arxiv.org/abs/0903.0340 for a plethora of connections between such seemingly abstruse concepts as topology, and computer science. > (Also, I've never quite…
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figured out the motivation for adjoint functors. I can understand the definitions, but I don't understand why adjoints are useful. The motivating examples almost always involve unfamiliar categories.) It may be helpful to think first of Galois connexions (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galois_connection and http://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/Galois+connection). I can't find any relevant blog posts now, but I know I have seen them discussed in a CS context that may seem more natural than that of 'abstract' adjoint functors. Here is a non-free article: http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F3-540-17162-2_130 .

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