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GShard: Scaling Giant Models with Conditional Computation and Automatic Sharding

Dmitry Lepikhin, HyoukJoong Lee, Yuanzhong Xu

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Dehao Chen, Orhan Firat, Yanping Huang, Maxim Krikun, Noam Shazeer, Zhifeng Chen

2020 · arXiv

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Neural network scaling has been critical for improving the model quality in many real-world machine learning applications with vast amounts of training data and compute. Although this trend of scaling is affirmed to be a sure-fire approach for better model quality, there are challenges on the path such as the computation cost, ease of programming, and efficient implementation on parallel devices. GShard is a module composed of a set of lightweight annotation APIs and an extension to the XLA compiler. It provides an elegant way to express a wide range of parallel computation patterns with minimal changes to the existing model code. GShard enabled us to scale up multilingual neural machine translation Transformer model with Sparsely-Gated Mixture-of-Experts beyond 600 billion parameters using automatic sharding. We demonstrate that such a giant model can efficiently be trained on 2048 TPU v3 accelerators in 4 days to achieve far superior quality for translation from 100 languages to English compared to the prior art.

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Jinxu24
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This article lists papers on GShard, presents background information and inspiration from the papers, and finally evaluates what else can be done to improve GShard from similar work that has been done in OneFlow. OneFlow Paper:https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.15032; Code:https://github.com/Oneflow-Inc/oneflow/ The paper of Gshard contains two main parts of work, one on parallel APIs and one on Mixture of experts. The former part is more interesting and I will only discuss this part. The contribution on parallel APIs is outlined clearly in the abstract of the paper: GShard is a module composed of a set of lightweight annotation APIs and an extension to the XLA compiler. Gshard Paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.16668.pdf

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