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Future cost-competitive electricity systems and their impact on US CO2 emissions

Alexander E. MacDonald, Christopher T. M. Clack, Anneliese Alexander

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Adam Dunbar, James Wilczak, Yuanfu Xie

2016 · Nature Climate Change

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mrDmrTmrJ
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In the US Nuclear gives about 19% of total generation and hydro another 6%. So you don't have to go beyond 75% renewables to start with. Long term, we need a combination of the following technologies to get to 100% carbon free electricity with 80% renewables: 1. Long distance transmission lines. 2. Some type of "clean, firm, dispatchable" power. Examples include: Nuclear fission, fusion power, deep geothermal, and space based solar power. We can certainly use the cost savings from getting to 80% renewables to finance figuring out how to scaling production of one (or more) of the later technologies to lower cost. Simply reducing the regulatory burden on Nuclear Fusion can…
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accomplish that if a society chooses this path. Lot of work to do. And many economic powers would loose out from this transition (e.g. Exxon or Russia) but totally feasible to accomplish. If you want to do a deep dive into cost scenarios look at the work of Christopher Clack or Jesse Jenkins. Example: https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2921
nl
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> How much power dissipation is there going to be over this distance? Not much, and it should be efficient enough to make economic sense. Note that the article says it is 3700km, not 5000 miles. Ultra high voltage lines lose about 3.5% per 1000km[1] (although this is improving). In China they have multiple 3000km+ lines, eg[2]. Some estimates indicate the US could reduce generation emissions by at least 80% with better long distance transmission capacity[3]. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-voltage_direct_current [2] https://spectrum.ieee.org/chinas-state-grid-corp-crushes-pow... [3] https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2921

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